{"id":4537,"date":"2022-07-22T13:09:05","date_gmt":"2022-07-22T13:09:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/syssr.org\/?p=4537"},"modified":"2023-05-24T16:52:17","modified_gmt":"2023-05-24T16:52:17","slug":"science-entrepreneurship","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/syssr.org\/en\/science-entrepreneurship\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u00a0\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0628 “Money matters: Science entrepreneurship” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 “<\/span>Science\/AAAS Custom Publishing Office<\/span><\/a>.<\/span>”
\n\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631: \u0645. \u0631\u0647\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0651\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/p>\n


\n\u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0648\u0641:<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u062a Xavier Duportet, Ph.D<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u00a0Janice Limson, Ph.D.<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0632\u0648\u0644\u062f. Bernhard Paetzold, Ph.D<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0632. Sean Sanders, Ph.D<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0636\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0634\u064a\u0621\u064d \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629. \u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064d \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u064d \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u064b \u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0629\u064d. \u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u061b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064d \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0647\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u064b \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u061f\u00a0 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0638\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0633\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643\u061f \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0647\u061f \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 -\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a- \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0641\u0623\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u061f \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u062e\u0630 5%\u00a0 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064d \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u064d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064d \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0643 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621\u064b.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0623\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u061f\u061f \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u061f \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u061f\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0647\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u061f \u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0643\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 <\/span>\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0637 <\/b>\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0643\u0645 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0648\u0628\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 (Business Model).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0646\u0635\u062d\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064a\u0646 (Tactical Technology Office (DARPA)) \u0628\u0623\u0644\u0651\u0627\u00a0 \u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u064d\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627 ..\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 <\/span>\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064d \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064d \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 (\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628) \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646\u061f \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0650 \u0631<\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u064d \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0642\u0635\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u061f\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062f. \u0627\u0643\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0643 \u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062f: \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0632\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0648\u0641\u062c\u0623\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0638\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (venture capital) \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n